Historical Context of the Text
Historical context is the political, social, cultural, and economic setting for a particular idea or event.
Political- the world that the shell of Arabian Nights is ruled by a monarch, he is given absolute power, even as he kills many of his people's daughters, there is no rebellion against him
Social- as the king is in complete control, he changes a social norm, typically one marries someone and is satisfied with them for longer than just one night, but it becomes his prerogative to sleep with each bride one night, then have them killed, another social norm that is present is that it is not uncommon for the king to share a bed with a couple of women, hence inviting Dinarzad is not disagreed with
Cultural- the Middle East has a strictly male-dominated society, women were often seen as property, their cunning and knowledge used only to acquire a husband and keep him happy, Shahrazad takes this one step further by using her cunning to soothe a king and influencing a man with the highest power
Economics- really don't have an influence in the shell of this story, other than the fact of positions, the economy was strong enough to uphold a king in his position with little known worry about trade or the balance of state, but one can assume that he had enough time to focus on getting a new bride each night, then killing her the next morning, then the economy was going smoothly enough not to warrant his attention